Supply:10MG/F.C.TAB(CETIZINER, ZYRTECR) Use:Cetirizine, a metabolite of hydroxyzine, is a H1-receptor antagonist with minimal anticholinergic or central nervous system activity. It has been used in allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis, and chronic urticaria.
Place in therapy: Drugs that inhibit cytochrome P-450 enzymes (i.e., azithromycin, ketoconazole, and erythromycin) do not interfere with the pharmacokinetic disposition of cetirizine. The reduced propensity of arrhythmias associated with cetirizine will likely favor the selection of this drug over other second generation antihistamines.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to cetirizine or hydroxyzine; Avoid concurrent use of central nervous system depressants or patient with renal insufficiency or hepatic dysfunction.
Adverse effect:Generally, cetirizine is well tolerated, but somnolence, fatigue, and dry mouth are the common side effects. Doses greater than 10 milligrams may be associated with a higher frequency of side effects, especially sedation.
Usual dosage:Adults: 10 mg PO QD
Special precautions:Pregnancy
CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE
Supply:4MG/TAB(CHLORPHENIRAMINER)
Use:Rhinitis, pruritus and urticaria, hay fever, contact dermatitis, drug sensitization.
Contraindication:Lower respiratory tract disease, newborn or premature infants, nursing mother.
Adverse effect:Nausea, headache, drowsiness, dizziness and irritablity, disturbance of vision.
Usual dosage:Adults: 4mg TID or QID, maximum dose 24mg/day
Child: 6-12 yrs, 2mg TID or QID.
2- 6 yrs, 1mg TID or QID.
maximum pediatric dose: 12mg/day
CONAMIN
Content:CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE 2MG+CAFFEINE ANHYDROUS 30MG
CYPROHEPTADINE
Supply:4MG/TAB(CYPROHR)
Use:Pruritus, eczema, urticaria, appetite stimulant, migraine headache.
Contraindication:Patient with glaucoma; it should not be prescribed for elderly debilitated.
Adverse effect:Dry mouth, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea and irritability.
Usual dosage:Allergy: Adults: 4mg TID (Max. 32mg/day).
Child: 2- 6 yrs, 2mg BID or TID (Max. 12mg/day)
7-14 yrs, 4mg BID or TID (Max. 16mg/day)
Stimulation of appetite: Adults: 2-4mg TID or QID.
Child: 2-6 yrs, 2mg BID or TID(Max. 8mg/day)
Migraine: initially 4mg, not to exceed 8mg within 4-6 hours.
DIPHENHYDRAMINE HCL
Supply:30MG/AMP(VENALINR)
Use:Symptomatic relief of allergic symptoms caused by histame release which include nasal allergies and allergic dematosis;can be used for mild nighttime sedation;prevention of motion sickness and as an antitussive;has antinauseant and topical anesthetic properties;treatment of phenothiazine-induced dystonic reactions
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to diphenhydramine or any component; should not be used in acute attacks of asthma
Adverse effect:Dry mouth. sedation, dizziness, irritability, thickening of bronchial secretions.
Usual dosage:PO, usual dose 25-50mg TID or QID.
IM or IV, usual adult dose is 10-50mg, maximum adult dosage
is 400mg daily.
Patient information:Maycause drowsiness;swallow whole,do not crush or chew sustained release product; avoid alchol, may impair coordination and judgment
Special precautions:Diphenhydramine has high sedative and anticholinergic properties,so it may not be considered the antihistamine of choice for prolonged use in the elderly. Use with caution in patient with angle-closure glaucoma, pepticulcer, urinary tract obstruction, hyperthyroidism; some preparation contant sodium bisulfite;syrup contant alcohol
HISTAP-P
Cotent:BROMPHENIRAMINE MALEATE 4MG + PHENYLPR 5MG
LORATADING
Supply:10MG/TAB(CLARITYLINER, GENADINER, LORAR)
Use:Loratadine is a long-acting, non-sedating antihistamine. It is an antihistamine with very little sedative and anticholinergic properties. It is an effective antihistamine for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity, caution in patients who are at risk for drowsiness, asthma, or syncope.
Adverse effect:Loratadine is well tolerated. The most common side effects reported in clinical trials are headache and nausea. Other side effects includes sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue. When coadministrate with erythromycin, cimetidine or ketoconazole, the serum level of these drugs are elevated but no QT interval prolongation observed.
Drug interaction:CYP2D6 and 3A3/4 enzyme substrate
Increase plasme concertration of loratadine and its active metabolite with ketoconazole; erythromycin increase the AUC of loratadine and its activity metabolite
Usual dosage:Adult: 10 mg PO QD Child: for 6-11 years of age 10 mg PO QD.
Patient Information:Drink plenty of water; may cause dry mouth; sedation; drowsiness, and can impair judgment and coordination
Special precautions:Patients with liver impairment should should start with a low dose; safety in child<12 years of age has not been established
MEQUITAZINE
Supply:5MG//TAB(PRIMALANR)
Use:Mequitazine, a phenothiazine derivative, is an antihistamine with antimuscarinic and mild central sedative properties. Mequitazine is used for the symptomatic relief of hypersensitivity reactions.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to this drug.
Adverse effect:Dry mouth, disturbance of visual accommodation
Drug interaction:CNS depressant, antichlolinergic, TCA, MAOIs, alcohol
Usual dosage:Adults: 5 mg PO, BID
Special precautions:Hepatic disease, glaucoma, prostatic hypertropic, epilepsy. May impair ability to dirve or operate machinery.
Bronchodilators
AMINOPHYLLINE C
Supply:100mg/Tab(AMINOPHYLLINR), 225mg/Tab(PHYLLOCONTINR), 250mg/10ml/Amp(AMINOPHYLLINR)
Use:For the treatment of bronchial or cardiac asthma and chronic bronchitis emphysema
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to any xanthine, severe cardiac disease, peptic ulcer, severe renal and liver impairment.
Adverse effect:Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, nervousness, irritability, insomnia, headache, serious arrhythmia and convulsion.
Usual dosage:Usual adult IV Dosage: 250-500mg up to 1.5gm daily.
BECLOMETHASONE C
Supply:200mcg/dose/Bot(BECLOMET EASYHALERR)
Use:Bronchial asthma.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to beclomethasone or other components.
Adverse effect:Bronchospasm, pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia, hoarseness, dry mouth, rash, suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function.
Usual dosage:
1. Adults: 2 inhalations TID or QID or up to 20 inhalations per 24 hours if needed.
2. Child: 6-12 years: 1-2 inhalations TID or QID, or up to 10 inhalations per 24 hours.
BAMBUTEROL B
Supply:10mg/Tab(BAMBECR)
Use:Bambuterol is a prodrug of terbutaline. bambuterol enables once-daily oral dosing of terbutaline for the treatment of asthma, but long-term studies involving larger patient populations are required to confirm its efficacy and ultimate place in therapy.
Place in therapy: It has been at least as effective as sustained-release terbutaline twice daily in small and short-term studies involving asthmatic patients.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to bambuterol, terbutaline, or other sympathomimetic amines.
Adverse effect:Tremor, palpitations, headache, uneasiness, and increases in heart rate have been reported.
Usual dosage:20-30 mg PO QD
FENOTEROL
Supply:2.5mg/Tab(berotecR,frandylR),
15ML 200MDI/Bot(BEROTECR), 5mg/ml 20ml(BEROTEC SOLUTIONR), 1.25mg/2ml/Unit dose/Vial(BEROTEC INHALANTR)
Use:Prophylaxis & treatment of bronchial asthma, obstructive & chronic bronchitis, emphysema & bronchopulmonary disorder with bronchospasm.
Adverse effect:Fine tremor of skeletal muscles & nervousness, less frequent are tachycardia, dizziness, palpitations or headache. Very rare cases of local irritation or allsrgic reactions; cough, paradoxical bronchostrictions(very rare). Potentially serious hypokaleia may result from B2-agonist therapy
Usual dosage:Tab Adult 1-2 tab. Child 6-14 yr 1 tab, 1-6 yr 1/2-1 tab. Taken tid. Oral liqd Adult 1-2 tsp tid. Child 6-14 yr 1 tsp, 1-6yr1/2-1 tsp both tid. Inhalant soln Adult 10-20 drop. Child 6-14yr 10drop,Metered aerosol Adult & child >6yr To prevent acute attacks of bronchospasm 1-2 metered doses tid
IPRATROPIUM
Supply:0.5mg/2ml/Vial(ATROVENTR)
Use:Ipratropium is an anticholinergic agent. Long-term treatment of chronic bronchitis and emphysema as well as in asthmatic patients poorly controlled by beta-adrenergic agents.
Place in therapy: Ipratropium nasal spray is useful in the treatment of rhinorrhea associated with the common cold, as well as long term treatment of both allergic and nonallergic perennial rhinitis. Long term therapy has demonstrated benefit with minimal side effects and lack of rebound of symptoms upon withdrawal of therapy.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity; caution in patient with acute narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, bladder-neck obstruction.
Adverse effect:Dryness (25%), bitter or bad taste in the mouth, paradoxical deterioration in pulmonary function resulting in bronchoconstriction.
Usual dosage:Adults: 2 inhalations (36mg) QID; additional inhalations may be utilized to a maximum of 12 times in 24 hours. Doses up to 800mg/day have been used without serious toxicity.
Child (6-14 y/o): 20-40mg TID; an additional 40-120mg may be used
PROCATEROL
Supply:25mcg/Tab(MEPTIN-MINIR)
Use:Procaterol is indicated primarily in the treatment of asthma.
Place in therapy: Procaterol appears to be at least as effective as albuterol, similar in efficacy to metaproterenol, and less effective than terbutaline.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to procaterol.
Adverse effect:Side effects include: nervousness, tremor and headache; EKG changes, tachycardia and ventricular arrhythmias have also been reported.
Usual dosage:Adult: 50-100 mg PO BID. Child: >6 years old, 25 mg PO QN or BID; <6 years old, 10-15 mg PO QD.
TERBUTALINE SULFATE B
Supply:2.5mg/Tab(BRICANYLR), 5MG/2ML/VIAL(BRICANYL NEBULISINGR)
Use:Symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and reversible bronchospasm which may occur in association with bronchitis and emphysema.
Contraindication:Patients who are known hypersensitivie to sympathomimetic agents.
Adverse effect:Tachycardia, dysrhythmia, increased blood pressure, tremor or nervousness, drowsiness, headache and nausea or digestive disorder.
Usual dosage:Adult and child over 12 years: 0.5 mg (1 inhalation), total daily dose not exeed 12 inhalations
Child: 0.5 mg (1 inhalation), total daily dose not exceed 8 inhalations
THEOPHYLLINE ANHYDROUS
Supply:125mg/Cap(THEOVENTR)
Use:Bronchial asthma, bronchospasm.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to any xanthine, severe cardiac disease, peptic ulcer, severe renal and liver impairment.
Adverse effect:Tachycardia, seizures, hypokalemia, ulceration, reflux, nausea, vomiting, rash, hepatotoxicity.
Usual dosage:Adults: initial 400mg QD, maintenance: 400-600mg QD; child: 200-400mg QD
ZAFIRLUKAST B
Supply:20mg/Tab(ACCOLATER)
Use:Zafirlukast is a selective leukotriene receptor antagonist. Zafirlukast is indicated for the treatment and prophylaxis of asthma. It may be effective for exercise-induced asthma and atopic dermatitis.
Place in therapy: The lack of hepatotoxic effects in initial studies and ability to be given twice daily are apparent advantages over zileuton.
Contraindication:Hypersensitivity to zafirlukast or its components
Adverse effect:Zafirlukast appears to be well-tolerated. Churg-Strauss Syndrome, a rare and sometimes fatal reaction, has been reported with zafirlukast, usually when patients are reducing their oral steroid dose. Other adverse effects related to oral administration include headache, somnolence, nausea, gastritis, elevation of liver enzymes, and asthma exacerbation; however, the incidence of most of these effects has been similar in placebo-treated patients.
Usual dosage:Adults: bronchial asthma: 20 mg PO BID; the drug should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating. atopic dermatitis: 20 mg PO BID; exercise-induced asthma: An 20 mg PO 2 hours prior to exercise
Child: asthma: ? 12 y/o, 20 mg PO BID, 7 to 11 y/o, 10 mg PO BID
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